Think You Know Alzheimer’s?

Alzheimer’s disease is often mistaken for normal aging, but it is a progressive brain disorder and the leading cause of dementia. Our geriatrician, Dr. Quah Jing Yao, at KPJ Damansara Specialist Hospital explains how Alzheimer’s differs from typical memory lapses and what families can do to help their loved ones.

What Is Alzheimer’s Disease?

Alzheimer’s is a type of dementia that affects memory, thinking, and how we connect with others. It is the most common kind of dementia and usually develops slowly. In Alzheimer’s, tiny clumps and tangles form in the brain, damaging brain cells and making it harder for them to work together. This causes symptoms like forgetting things, trouble finding the right words, and changes in mood or behaviour.

Alzheimer’s vs. Normal Aging

It’s normal to forget things sometimes as we get older, but Alzheimer’s causes more serious memory problems that affect daily life. For example, someone with Alzheimer’s might forget how to cook a meal they’ve made many times, get lost in familiar places, or have trouble managing money. When memory loss starts to make it hard for a person to live on their own, it could be a sign of dementia.

Myths People Believe

Many people think Alzheimer’s is just a part of getting old and that nothing can be done. But that’s not true. Alzheimer’s is a disease that can be helped if found early. Early diagnosis gives families time to adjust, start treatments, and slow down the disease. Another wrong idea is that Alzheimer’s only happens to older people. It can also affect people in their 40s or 50s, especially if they have risk factors like poor diet, no exercise, smoking, diabetes, or high blood pressure.

Genetics and Lifestyle Factors

Genes do play a role in Alzheimer’s risk, but they are only part of the picture. Having a family member with dementia may increase your chances, but your daily choices matter too. Managing your health, staying active, and keeping connected with friends and family can make a real difference. Simple lifestyle changes can help lower your risk and keep your brain healthier for longer.

Early Signs to Watch For

· Repeating questions or stories

· Losing things and not being able to find them by retracing steps

· Forgetting to turn off appliances

· Getting lost in places they know well

· Trouble finding the right words during conversation

· Mood changes like becoming irritable, anxious, or withdrawn

How Alzheimer’s Is Diagnosed and Its Cure

Doctors use memory tests, brain scans, and lab tests to diagnose Alzheimer’s early. Early diagnosis helps families plan better care and start treatments sooner. While there is no cure yet, medicines and healthy habits like staying active and eating well can slow the disease and improve quality of life.

Tips to Help Your Loved One

· Keep a daily routine to help your loved one feel safe and less confused.

· Use notes or pictures around the house as reminders.

· Make the home safe by removing things that might cause accidents.

· Let your loved one do things they can still manage by themselves.

· Be patient and listen, even if they ask the same questions many times.

· Take care of yourself too, and don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it.

Mental Stimulation and Support

Encourage activities like reading, puzzles, or music to keep the brain active. Emotional support and staying connected with others are important for both patients and caregivers. Support groups and counselling can also help families cope.

You Are Not Alone

Caring for someone with Alzheimer’s can be overwhelming, but you don’t have to do it alone. KPJ Damansara Specialist Hospital offers comprehensive dementia care packages to support patients and families. To speak with our specialist, contact us at +603-7718 1000 or visit kpjhealth.com.my/damansara.